Path prefixes (/en/) are simplest to operate on one domain. Subdomains help separate stacks. ccTLDs signal local markets but raise cost and governance load.

Whatever you choose, keep internal linking language-aware and avoid soft-404 translation stubs.

Hreflang and canonical tags must match the real serving URLs, including trailing-slash and https normalization.

CMS configuration should expose SEO fields per language rather than copying one description everywhere.

WDPHP projects can implement these patterns; decide the strategy before content migration begins.

To discuss website development, custom systems, WDPHP CMS, SiteCluster, or private analytics, call 132-5988-3308 / QQ 316430983, or contact online support via v369.cn.